Selected Lines and Inbred Strains
نویسنده
چکیده
In their quest to elucidate the genetic influences contributing to alcoholism, researchers have long used selected lines and inbred strains of rodents. Selected lines are obtained by repeatedly mating those animals within a population that show extremely high or low values of the desired trait. Inbred strains are generated by mating male and female siblings, irrespective of any particular trait, over several generations. Both of these approaches have provided researchers with extensive knowledge about the genetic and neurobiological mechanisms contributing to alcohol-related traits. However, the use of these models is associated with some limitations, mostly resulting from the inbreeding involved in generating such lines and strains. Nevertheless, these models can offer some advantages over other genetic approaches, such as the analysis of quantitative trait loci or the generation of transgenic and knockout mice. KE Y W O R D S: a n i m a l model; animal strains; animal selectively bred for AOD (alcohol or other drug) preference; selective breeding; genetic theory of AODU (AOD use, abuse, and dependence); phenotype; quantitative trait locus; gene knockout technology; transgenic technology
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